The G7’s final message was meant to project resolve: continued support for Ukraine’s territorial integrity, added pressure on Russia’s war economy and a renewed push to tighten the sanctions net around oil, gas, banks and military supply chains. After a day of questions over whether allies could move beyond cautious language, the leaders put the Ukraine file back at the center of the summit.

The same statement also showed how broad the crisis map has become. Leaders welcomed the emerging U.S.-Iran nuclear agreement, discussed energy routes beyond the Strait of Hormuz and moved to reduce dependence on China for minerals essential to defence, clean technology and advanced manufacturing. The result was a summit about war, but also about the economic plumbing that determines how long democracies can sustain pressure.